This talk will introduce computational modeling approaches to understanding how neurophysiological effects of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) translate to behavioral changes. Although NIBS is widely used, the way in which various stimulation techniques alter computations performed by the targeted neural circuits is largely unknown. Applying neurostimulation in silico to computational models with biophysical plausibility provides a route to 1) interrogate the possible mechanisms through which stimulation interacts with neural circuits, and 2) generate and test model predictions in a causal way. This framework can provide a blueprint for future work on the neural and behavioral consequences of NIBS in health and disease.